How can the infiltration rate of soil influence stormwater management practices?

The infiltration rate of soil is a crucial factor in stormwater management practices because it directly affects how water interacts with the soil and how it is managed during and after a rainfall event. Higher infiltration rates facilitate the absorption of rainwater into the ground, which can significantly reduce surface runoff. This is important for several reasons:

1. Runoff Reduction: When water infiltrates the soil rather than running off the surface, it lessens the potential for flooding and erosion. This is particularly beneficial in urban areas where impervious surfaces are prevalent, leading to increased runoff.

2. Water Quality Improvement: As water percolates through the soil layers, various physical, chemical, and biological processes occur which can filter out pollutants. This natural filtration helps improve the quality of stormwater before it reaches local water bodies, reducing harmful impacts on aquatic ecosystems.

3. Groundwater Recharge: Higher infiltration rates also contribute to the replenishment of groundwater supplies, enhancing water availability for plants, and associated ecosystems as well as for human use.

In contrast, lower infiltration rates can lead to greater runoff and a higher risk of pollution entering water bodies, making them less ideal for effective stormwater management. Additionally, the size of soil particles (described by