What is "groundwater recharge" concerning stormwater management?

Groundwater recharge is best defined as the process where surface water infiltrates into the ground, ultimately replenishing aquifers. This process is crucial in stormwater management as it helps maintain groundwater levels, supports ecosystem health, and ensures a sustainable water supply.

When stormwater from rainfall or runoff soaks into the soil, it moves down through various soil layers, where it can eventually reach underground water systems known as aquifers. This natural replenishment is vital for balancing water resources, especially in areas where groundwater extraction for irrigation, drinking water, and other uses is prevalent.

Other choices do not capture the essence of what groundwater recharge is. Evaporating surface water does not contribute to groundwater and rather removes water from the system. Storing stormwater in large reservoirs pertains to surface management rather than infiltration into the ground. Pumping groundwater to the surface involves extraction rather than the natural replenishment process represented by groundwater recharge. Therefore, the correct answer effectively highlights the importance of infiltration in sustaining groundwater supplies.