What type of event can lead to increased sediment runoff if proper controls are not in place?

Heavy rainstorms can lead to increased sediment runoff if proper controls are not in place due to their intensity and duration. During such events, the volume of water that falls can be substantial, resulting in rapid surface runoff. This runoff can erode soil and transport sediments into nearby waterways, especially if the land is bare or not adequately stabilized. Without effective erosion and sediment control measures, sediments and pollutants from construction sites, agricultural areas, or disturbed land can wash away with the stormwater. Implementing best management practices (BMPs) such as silt fences, sediment basins, and vegetation can significantly mitigate this risk by trapping sediment and preventing it from entering the stormwater drainage system.

Other weather events like prolonged droughts, moderate winds, or sunny weather typically do not create the immediate impact of increased runoff and sediment transport associated with heavy rainstorms, which is why they are less relevant in this context for the specific concern of sediment runoff related to stormwater management.